Influence of bilateral trapezius muscle pain on jaw opening in
young adult females: A Pilot Study.
Co- Authors: Aanchal Jain, Anjali Puntambekar
Background: Neck pain is the most common cause of absenteeism from work following back pain.
There is a higher prevalence of it among women than men. Trapezius muscle pain is majorly found in
individuals who are required to keep their head stable for longer periods i.e. desk job workers, drivers, students,
etc .This pain sometimes spreads to the temporomandibular system (TMS) and affects its functions. Thus, the
aim of the study is to assess one of the functions of the TMS i.e. mouth opening in the study and control group
Materials and methods: Study included two groups(N=60), study group(n=30) and control group (n=30) with
trapezius muscle pain and asymptomatic individuals respectively in the age group of 19-35 years females.They
were assessed for temporomandibular joint opening using Vernier calliper; and numerical pain rating
scale(NRPS), rheobase for quantifying trapezius muscle pain. Mouth opening in two groups were compared.In
the study group, NRPS and rheobase values were correlated with mouth opening.
Results: There was a significant difference in the mouth opening between the study group 37.3 mm (± 0.48) and
control group 41.7mm (± 0.4) with p value 0.000514. In the study group, there was negative correlation of
numerical pain rating scale values 6.3 (±1.2) with mouth opening 37.3mm (± 0.48) with r= -0.25 and p=0.55;
and a weak positive correlation of rheobase 2.37mA (± 0.31) with mouth opening 37.3mm (± 0.48) with r =
0.11 and p=0.17
Conclusion: The current study concluded that, there is a reduction of mouth opening in individuals with
trapezius muscle pain than in asymptomatic individuals. There is also a weak positive correlation of rheobase
with mouth opening and a negative correlation of NRPS with mouth opening.
Click to access F0803042023.pdf
Impact of Smartphone Addiction on Gross-Hand Dexterity in Young Adults
Co- Authors: Anjali Puntambekar, Dhvani Vora
Background:Smartphone has become an integral part of everyday life for educational and
recreational purpose. A smartphone is used for playing games, internet surfing, watching movies,
communicating, etc. This has lead to increased severity and prevalence of smartphone addiction among
teenagers, adolescents, and young adults. Evidence points to various pathophysiological changes in upper
extremity due to repetitive and continuous usage of smartphone for longer durations.Thus, this study aims to
compare the effect of smartphone addiction on gross-hand dexterity in young adults.
Materials and methods:160 young adults within the age group of 18-35 years were asked to fill the Smartphone
Addiction Scale (SAS). Based on the scores calculated, they were classified as having mild, moderate and severe
smartphone addiction. 20 subjects for each group (n=20) were randomly selected and were assessed for grosshand dexterity using the Minnesota Manual Dexterity Test on dominant as well as the non-dominant side
(N=60). The subtests used were Placing test, Turning test and One-hand turning and placing test.
Results:Data was analyzed using GraphPad Instat3 software. On comparing the group means, it was
observed that the severely addicted group took the longest time to complete the tests, followed by mildly
addicted group and then moderately addicted group. However, the difference in means was not statistically
significant.For the placing test [Group means (in seconds):severe(181.00+19.593) >mild
(177.85+16.878)>moderately (175.40+16.627)], the p-value was 0.7005 on dominant side and 0.0550 on the
non-dominant side[Group means:severe(200.50+22.360)> mild(191.45+14.848)> moderate (184.80+
22.353)]. The p-value was 0.1543 for the turning test[Group means:severe (155.25+21.584) > mild
(146.70+19.377)> moderate (144.20+19.339)]. For one-hand turning and placing test, the p-value was 0.0890
on dominant side[Group means on dominant side: severe (218.00+23.231) > mild (206.500+24.958) ~
moderate (206.25+17.168)] and 0.1568 on non-dominant side[Group means on the non-dominant side: severe
(244.15+26.664) >mildly (235.35+19.885)>moderately (229.20+25.757)].Conclusion:The current study
indicates that the group means of severely addicted individuals is more than mildly and moderately addicted
groups, however, the difference between the group means is not statistically significant.
Click to access J0803036467.pdf
Physical Fitness and Quality Of Life in Exercising V/S Non
Exercising Community Dwelling Elderly
Co- Authors: Manisha Sarode, Anjali Puntambekar
Background: Ageing is progressive generalized impairment of physiological, psychological functioning of the body resulting in loss of adaptive responses to external and internal stresses leading to increased risk of age associated diseases.Thus it is essential to maintain physical fitness and quality of life at optimum level in elderly. The fitness level and quality of life were evaluated by using senior fitness test and quality of life questionnaire. The senior fitness test includes six components which were upper body strength and flexibility, lower limb strength and flexibility, agility and cardiopulmonary endurance. All of these components
are performed by elderly in there day to day life.
Method: Two groups were selected (N = 40) which included 20 individuals from the exercising and 20 from non-exercising. Their fitness level and quality of life were evaluated using senior fitness test (SFT) and quality
of life questionnaire which has six components to assess upper body strength and flexibility, lower body strength and flexibility, 8 foot up and go test, 2 minute step test.
Results: Comparison of SFT components and quality of life was made by using unpaired t-test and MannWhitney test. Analysis of the data showed significant difference in upper body strength (p-0.0189), lower body
flexibility (p-0.0191), 2 minute step test (p-0.0012) and quality of life (p-0.0315) which was better in exercising elderly than non exercising elderly. Also upper body flexibility (p-0.0807), lower body strength (p-0.0988),
agility (p-0.0848) was better in non exercising elderly though was not statistically significant.
Conclusion: Exercising elderly showed better upper body strength, lower body flexibility, cardio respiratory
endurance and quality of life in comparison to non exercising elderly of the same age group and gender.
Regular exercises have positive impact on functional, physical independence and quality of life in elderly
Click to access C0805031316.pdf
Activity Limitations in Degenerating Knee Joint
Co- Authors: Anjali Puntambekar, Tanvi Patole, Ankita Pramanick, Sunil Rajpal
Osteoarthritis is a most common reason of joint disability over 45 years of age. It is the main cause of dysfunction in most countries around the world. Depending on functional activity limitations, an effective comprehensive rehabilitation program can be planned for the management of OA knee. Therefore, this study was conducted to know functional activity limitations in an Indian lifestyle. This cross- sectional study included 499 individuals who met inclusion criteria. It was conducted for 4 months in outpatient department of tertiary care hospital. The level of difficulty in sixteen chosen activities suitable mainly for Indian lifestyle was assessed. Analysis of data showed that sit to stand, getting in and out of the bed, sitting on the floor and getting up, cross sitting, climbing down stairs and sitting for a long time are the activities which are severely affected. Household chores and travelling via public transport are activities which are less affected mainly in people who follow Indian lifestyle.
Assessment of quality of life in community dwelling Geriatrics
Co- Authors: Yardi Sujata, Phadke Shweta
Background: Aging of population is a significant product of demographic transition. India is in a phase of this demographic transition. The increasing number of older people with higher expectations of a “good health” within society and with their high demand for health and social care has lead to international interest in the enhancement & measurement of Quality of life in older people.
Objectives: To assess quality of life in geriatrics under four domains and to find the most affected domain.
To assess the most affected component in each domain.
To compare the affection of various domains in young old, middle old and old old age group.
To assess limitations in different areas of life due to health problems.
Method: Design Survey study
Study population: 50 people, community dwelling above the age of 60 yrs were taken for the study.
Study factors: Basic demographic data, pre-validated questionnaire tailored to Indian population was used to assess quality of life in community dwelling geriatrics. It composed of four domains namely Physical, Psychological, Social and Environmental domains. There were 26 items with simple option of yes/no to each item. Data was collected by direct method and represented through bar and pie diagram.
Results: Our study shows that: Physical domain (42.5%) was most affected and the Social domain (9.33%) was the least affected.
The component in the physical domain i.e. the need for elderly to take medical treatment to function in their daily life was most affected (76%).In psychological domain majority of people had feelings like depression, anxiety or mood swings (42%). The component of being dependent or feeling of being a burden on people is found to be the most affected (12%) in social domain. The feeling of not being safe in daily life was the component which was most affected (28%) in environmental domain.
The affection of various domains increased as age advances.
It was also found that because of the HEALTH PROBLEMS the most affected area of life was the ability of the elderly to go for vacations and outings independently.
Conclusion: Physical domain is the most affected domain among the elderly population. The most affected component in physical domain is the need of some medical treatment to function in daily life, psychological domain is the feelings like depression, anxiety and mood swings, in social domain is being dependent or a feeling of being a burden on society and in environmental domain is feeling safe in daily life. The various domains were most affected in old old age group and least affected in young old age group. Health problems interfere most with the ability of going out for vacations and outings in elderly people.
ASSESSMENT AND COMPARISON OF CERVICAL JOINT POSITION SENSE IN SUBJECTS WITH CHRONIC NECK PAIN VS NORMALS
Co- Authors: Jani Kotecha Dhara, Yardi Sujata
Background: The abundance of mechanoreceptors in the cervical spine and their central and reflex afferent connections to the vestibular, visual and postural control system suggests that the cervical proprioceptive information provides important somatosensory information influencing postural stability, head orientation and eye movement control. Disturbances to the afferent input from the cervical region is thought to underlie symptoms of dizziness, unsteadiness, visual disturbances and signs of altered postural stability, cervical proprioception and head and eye movement control in people with chronic neck pain. This study aimed to assess and compare cervical joint position sense in subjects with chronic neck pain vs normals.
Methods: Total 60 subjects, divided into two groups chronic neck pain group (n=30) (12 males and 18 females with mean age of 40.7 years) and control group (n=30) with age and gender matched normal individuals were assessed for baseline data and demographic variables. Head repositioning accuracy test was used to assess cervical joint position sense in degrees.
Results: The difference in the head repositioning error values were found to be extremely significant (p<0.0001) for all the neck movements for subjects with chronic neck pain as compared to normals.
Conclusion: Cervical joint position sense in subjects with chronic neck pain is found to be altered as compared to age and gender matched normals.
https://www.ijphy.org/index.php/journal/article/download/80/76
RESPONSE TO 6 MINUTE WALK TEST IN HEALTHY ADULTS
Co- Authors: Vibhuti Shah, Veena Krishnanand
Background: 6Minute walk test (MWT) has been used as a performance based measure of functional exercise capacity in all populations including healthy adults. 6MWT is recommended out of other all timed walked tests due to its reproducibility and ease of administration compared to other longer or shorter time duration tests. It detects changes following interventions to improve exercise tolerance in healthy individuals, to assess the fitness level, used as intervention to improve walking endurance and as predictor of objectively measured aerobic fitness in healthy adults. It is essential to know a level of fitness healthy adults possess in our community, thus aim of this study was to evaluate response to 6MWT in young healthy adults.
Method: 50 healthy individuals (25 males and 25 females) of 18 – 30 years of age were recruited. The 6MWT was performed as per standard guidelines. All subjects were assessed for the outcome measures by principal investigator at baseline i.e. before and post- 6MWT for following parameters. BP, PR, RR, SPO2, RPE.
Results: The mean 6 minute walked distance (6MWD) was 635.6+59.07, for men it was 675.0+46.88 and for women it was 596.5+41.41. Out of study population 18% of people covered 70%-80%, 54% people covered 80%-90% and 28% people covered 90%-100% of their predicted distance. Oxygen saturation remained unaltered throughout the walk. Mean resting and walking spo2 values were 96.80+13.55% and 96.71+13.55% (p-value: 0.2288). Pulse rate (PR) and respiratory rate (RR) were affected by the walk. Mean resting and walking PR was 79.82+9.18 and 142.6+19.62 (p-value: 0.0001) and RR was 18.48+2.78 and 30.20+4.35 (p-value: 0.0001) respectively. Mean resting and walking systolic and diastolic blood pressure was significantly higher in males as compared to females.
Conclusion: The 6 minute walk test is a useful measure of functional capacity in healthy adults. There was a difference between predicted distance covered and actual distance covered at the end of 6 minute walk test in study population. There was a significant difference between responses of males and females elicited during 6 MWT.
https://www.ijphy.org/index.php/journal/article/download/181/169
EFFECT OF CRYOTHERAPY ON FUNCTIONAL PERFORMANCE OF
SHOULDER
Co- Authors: Varsha. Solanki, Veena Krishnanand
Background: Shoulder joint is a complex joint producing wide range of motion. Joint receptors present in the capsule, ligaments transmit information about status of joint to the Central nervous system. Integrity of mechanoreceptors and CNS pathways play an important role to meet mobility and stability requirements. Receptors function to protect the joint from damage incurred by going in pathologic range of motion. Application of cryotherapy is common after acute shoulder injury as a part of rehabilitation. It is essential to study the effect of cryotherapy on functional performance of the shoulder joint and also to understand the safe recovery time post cryotherapy so as to return the subject back to activity. Materials and Methods: 50 healthy subjects (n=25 males n=25 females) were assessed using Functional Throwing Performance Index (FTPI) where the subject was told to throw the ball in a target at a measured distance using their dominant side. Then subject was given cryotherapy for 20 minutes followed by which the subject was reassessed immediately post cryotherapy, after 3min, 5min, 10min and 15min. Result: Data analysis showed a significant decrease (p<0.0001) in mean FTPI from pre-cryotherapy FTPI (0.5402 +0.1741) to post-cryotherapy FTPI (0.3787 + 0.1976). Also 3min post-cryotherapy FTPI (0.3958 + 0.1671), 5min post-cryotherapy FTPI (0.4706 + 0.1721) showed significant difference with pre-cryotherapy FTPI. Whereas, 10min post-cryotherapy FTPI (0.6063 + 0.1525) and 15min post-cryotherapy FTPI (0.6178 + 0.1466) showed no significant difference than pre-cryotherapy FTPI. Conclusion: The study suggested that functional performance of shoulder, is affected post cryotherapy till 5min, and recovers to pre values by 10min.
Click to access c23292aa5a51cd7905443d16d11dc20cc766.pdf
CORRELATION OF STATIC AND DYNAMIC BALANCE WITH KNEE
PROPRIOCEPTION IN NORMALS
Co- Authors: Dhvani Jain, Veena Krishnanand
Background: Human balance depends on coordinated integration of sensory input from somatosensory,
vestibular and visual systems. Proprioception includes 3 components: sense of position, sense of movement
and sense of force. Most of the injuries have the potential to decrease proprioception and subsequently
balance. It is important to understand the relation between proprioception and balance in young adults. Thus
this study aimed at co-relating static and dynamic balance with knee proprioception in Normals.
Purpose of the study: To understand the correlation of balance with knee proprioception.
Materials and Methods: Young asymptomatic adults (N=50),equal males (n=25) and females (n=25) between the
age group of 18-30 years (mean age=21.2) were assessed for knee joint proprioception at 600 using universal
goniometer, static balance using Balance Error Scoring System(BESS) and dynamic balance using Star excursion
balance test (SEBT).
Result: There is a weak negative correlation [r = -0.3161(rt) and r = -0.1599(lt)] of knee joint proprioception
error with dynamic balance and a weak positive correlation [r = 0.3358(rt) and r = 0.2912(lt)] of knee joint
proprioception error with static balance error.
Conclusion: The study concludes that lesser the knee joint proprioception error better is the dynamic balance.
And lesser the knee joint proprioception error lesser is the static balance error.
KEY WORDS: Static balance, dynamic balance, knee proprioception error, star excursion balance test, balance
error scoring system.
Click to access IJPR.2017.175.pdf
Influence of Smartphone Addiction Grade on Cervical Pain in Young Adults
Co- Authors: Ayushi Punmiya
Abstract: Background: Smartphone usage has increased over the past few years. Due to the internet usage that the smartphone provides, it is extensively used by younger population. Overuse of smartphones is known to cause various musculoskeletal, visual and psychological problems which are an important aspect affecting health and wellbeing of young adults. Thus, this study aimed at assessing the smartphone addiction grades and its influence on cervical pain in young adults. Materials and methods: Young asymptomatic adults (N=60) with 25 males (n=25) and 35 females (35) between the age group of 19-35 years (mean age= 21.85 years) were assessed for smartphone addiction into low,medium and high addiction grades and cervical pain during or immediately after using a smartphone in the past 1 week using the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS). Result: There is a significant difference in the cervical pain in low versus medium smartphone users (p=0.0026)and low versus high smartphone users (p<0.0001) but no significant difference in neck pain in medium versus high smartphone users (p=0.0718).Conclusion: The study concludes that as the smartphone addiction increases, the cervical pain reported by the study population also increased.
Smartphone Addiction in Young Adults
Co- Authors: Ayushi Punmiya
Abstract:Background: The smartphone use is increasing day by day for various purposes as now almost
everything can be done using a smartphone due to the internet facilities that a smartphone provides. The use of
excessive smartphone leads to smartphone addiction. The excessive use of smartphone has various
disadvantages like musculoskeletal, psychological and visual problems which can affect the health of an
individual. Thus, the study aimed at assessing the smartphone addiction in young adults.
Materials and methods:Young asymptomatic adults (N=60) with 25 males (n=25) and 35 females (n=35)
between the age group of 19-35 years (mean age= 21.85 years) were assessed for smartphone addiction and
divided into three groups of low, medium and high smartphone addiction users and analyze the components of
the scale that are affected.
Results: The overuse factor is the most affected component in all the three groups with affection of overuse in
the low group 37.97%, medium group 62.28% and high group 85.83%.
Conclusion: Overuse is the factor that is maximally affected in all the groups suggesting that the smartphone
users prefer to search using the smartphone rather than asking people, fully charged battery doesn’t last a day
using smartphone longer than intended and feeling the urge to use smartphone right after they stopped using it
implying the dependence and compulsive habits developed when using a smartphone.
Click to access C0701031316.pdf
Impact of Smartphone Addiction on Cervical Pain, Cervical Lordosis and Pectoralis Minor Muscle in Young Adults
Co- Authors: Jinal Gada
Background: Billions of people are using smartphone in their day today lives, essentially in poor posture. Loss of natural curvature of the cervical spine can lead to increased stresses on the spine. These stresses may in turn lead to early wear and tear, leading to degenerative changes. Imbalance in muscle activitydue to altered mechanics can be a cause of pain in the musculoskeletal system of neck and shoulder in smartphone users. Therefore it is important to identify and assess the biomechanical changes that may becaused due to prolonged use of smartphones.
Materials and methods:
60 (N= 60) young adults (25 males and 35 females) were divided into 3 groups of smartphone addiction (low n=20, medium n=20 and high n=20) based on their scoring of Smartphone Addiction Scale. Cervical lordosis angle was assessed using a Flexicurve, pectoralis minor muscle length usinga right angled protractor and Pain using Numerical Rating Scale.
Result:
Data analysis showed no significance between pectoralis minor muscle length (right =0.7673, left =0.7238) and cervical lordosis angle (p value in low group= 0.8166, p value in medium group= 0.886, p value inhigh group= 0.1872). However cervical pain was significantly high as the level of addiction increased (pvalue< 0.0001)
Conclusion:
There was a significant difference in the cervical pain as the level of smartphone addictionincreased. Although there was no significant change in cervical lordosis angle and pectoralis minor musclelength as the level of smartphone addiction increased.
Glint 2020 